配置IPv4静态路由示例

组网需求

如图1所示，属于不同网段的主机通过几台Switch相连，要求不配置动态路由协议，使不同网段的任意两台主机之间能够互通。

图1 配置IP静态路由组网图

配置思路

采用如下的思路配置IPv4静态路由：

1. 创建VLAN并配置各接口所属VLAN，配置各VLANIF接口的IP地址，实现相邻设备网络互通。
2. 在各主机上配置IP缺省网关，在各台Switch上配置IPv4静态路由或者静态缺省路由，实现不配置动态路由协议，使不同网段的任意两台主机之间能够互通。

操作步骤

1. 配置各接口所属VLAN
2. # 配置SwitchA。SwitchB和SwitchC的配置与SwitchA类似。

<HUAWEI> system-view
[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA
[SwitchA] vlan batch 10 30
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/1
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port link-type trunk
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit
[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet 1/0/2
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port link-type access
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] port default vlan 30
[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet1/0/2] quit

1. 配置各VLANIF接口的IP地址
2. # 配置SwitchA。SwitchB和SwitchC的配置与SwitchA类似。

[SwitchA] interface vlanif 10
[SwitchA-Vlanif10] ip address 10.1.4.1 30
[SwitchA-Vlanif10] quit
[SwitchA] interface vlanif 30
[SwitchA-Vlanif30] ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[SwitchA-Vlanif30] quit

1. 配置主机
2. 配置主机PC1的缺省网关为10.1.1.1，主机PC2的缺省网关为10.1.2.1，主机PC3的缺省网关为10.1.3.1。
3. 配置静态路由
4. # 在SwitchA配置IP缺省路由。

[SwitchA] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.2

1. # 在SwitchB配置两条IP静态路由。

[SwitchB] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.1
[SwitchB] ip route-static 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.6

1. # 在SwitchC配置IP缺省路由。

[SwitchC] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.5

1. 验证配置结果
2. ＃查看SwitchA的IP路由表。

[SwitchA] display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
 Destinations : 7 Routes : 7
 
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
 
 0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 10.1.4.2 Vlanif10
 10.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.1.1 Vlanif30
 10.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Vlanif30
 10.1.4.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 10.1.4.1 Vlanif10
 10.1.4.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Vlanif10
 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0

1. # 使用ping命令验证连通性。

[SwitchA] ping 10.1.3.1
 PING 10.1.3.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
 Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=62 ms
 Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=63 ms
 Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=63 ms
 Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=62 ms
 Reply from 10.1.3.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=62 ms 
 --- 10.1.3.1 ping statistics ---
 5 packet(s) transmitted
 5 packet(s) received
 0.00% packet loss
 round-trip min/avg/max = 62/62/63 ms

1. # 使用Tracert命令验证连通性。

[SwitchA] tracert 10.1.3.1
 traceroute to 10.1.3.1(10.1.3.1), max hops: 30 ,packet length: 40,press CTRL_C to break
 1 10.1.4.2 31 ms 32 ms 31 ms
 2 10.1.3.1 62 ms 63 ms 62 ms

配置文件

• SwitchA的配置文件

#
sysname SwitchA
#
vlan batch 10 30
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 10.1.4.1 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif30
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 30
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.2
#
return

• SwitchB的配置文件

#
sysname SwitchB
#
vlan batch 10 20 40
#
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 10.1.4.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 10.1.4.5 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif40
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 10
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 40
#
ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.1
ip route-static 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.4.6
#
return

• SwitchC的配置文件

#
sysname SwitchC
#
vlan batch 20 50
#
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 10.1.4.6 255.255.255.252
#
interface Vlanif50
 ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 20
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
 port link-type access
 port default vlan 50
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.4.5
#
return