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WeUI开发H5应用

2020-12-29    
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前言

浏览器越来越强大，从文字、图片、到声音、视频、动画与游戏都有了丰富的应用。H5之后，不仅仅是表现层，数据存储与通讯能力也得到大幅度提高，并逐渐取得共识，形成了标准。

随着能力越来越强，从直接编写html，css，JAVAscript，到通过一些约定的规则来更好的分组开发，如基于es6、less、typescript等来开发，再应用一些辅助工具如gulp、webpack等构建，形成可模块化开发，分工协作、编译组合的能力。对比类似visual studio、Android Studio客户端的开发工具，相关工作流程越来越一致。

  1. 编写html、css（含less）、JavaScript（含typescript）等
  2. 编写package.json（类似makefile文件）
  3. 构建（webpack、glup等）

标准能够让大家跟随，从最最朴实的共识开始，开放而后茁壮成长。

规则与概念很难建立，需要清晰定义边界，并在执行中持续巩固……

就目前为止标准化最好的仍然是H5系列，丰富的构建工具支持着H5的开发，这正代表着H5的崛起。

WeUI开发H5应用

 

WeUI基于橙色技术栈开发

WeUI是腾讯提供的一个样式框架，适合应用来制作与微信能够更搭配的公众号与小程序。基于MIT许可，提供了常用的如按钮、进度条、导航、对话框、表单等组件，可简化相关的设计工作。

环境准备

代码路径如下： https://github.com/Tencent/weui

WeUI使用了less来开发样式，用Gulp管理工程。我使用的环境如下：

 

基本环境

直接下载weui后，编译会报错。需要修改一些内容。如下图：

修改package.json版本

默认weui使用3.9.1版本的gulp来处理，需要将

WeUI开发H5应用

 

修改gulpfile.js文件

gulp4.0对任务的定义，要求使用serial限定。

WeUI开发H5应用

 

安装weui依赖的包

按照提示分贝安装如下包

WeUI开发H5应用

 

查看相关的任务

WeUI开发H5应用

 

编译

编译时，提示async要另外处理，可忽略。

WeUI开发H5应用

 

修改了下gulpfile.js，确保返回异步结果。

WeUI开发H5应用

 

然后执行gulp获得如下结果。

WeUI开发H5应用

 

测试

WeUI开发H5应用

 

此时会自动打开浏览器，也可手工输入http://127.0.0.1:8081

WeUI开发H5应用

 

相关技术

H5,Css,Javascript就不提了，WeUI基于如下几项技术，要有一些了解，便于更好的应用。

Zepto.js

http://www.zeptojs.cn/

类似于Jquery的库，可以充分使用其选择器，用起来上手较快。

less

http://lesscss.org

支持变量定义，支持文件引入，可以更好的用来分工协作来编写好CSS。

 

gulp

weui使用gulp来完成项目的构建。必备的gulp只是还是很有必要。https://gulpjs.com/

WeUI开发H5应用

 

Gulp的工作示意图

# node --version
v14.9.0
# npm --version
6.14.8
# npm install --global gulp-cli
# npx mkdirp my-project
# cd my-project
# npm init
# npm install --save-dev gulp
# gulp --version
CLI version: 2.3.0
Local version: 4.0.2
#

创建gulpfile.js

在根目录下创建文件

function defaultTask(cb) {
    // place code for your default task here
    cb();
  }
  
  exports.default = defaultTask

应用

使用WeUI自然最好是从工程自带的Exam开始，http://localhost:8081/example/ 如下先做一些简单的应用介绍。

抽屉列表样式

从源码看，这里是WeUI的首页样式，一个抽屉列表样式，通过gulpfile.js编译为一个单页应用。

WeUI开发H5应用

 

默认使用的是这里的文件

WeUI开发H5应用

 


WeUI开发H5应用

 

H5代码

<div class="page">
    <div class="page__hd">
        <h1 class="page__title">
            <img src="./images/logo.png" alt="WeUI" height="21px" />
        </h1>
        <p class="page__desc">WeUI 是一套同微信原生视觉体验一致的基础样式库，由微信官方设计团队为微信内网页和微信小程序量身设计，令用户的使用感知更加统一。</p>
    </div>
    <div class="page__bd page__bd_spacing">
        <ul>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_category">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">表单</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_form.png" alt="">
                </div>
                <div class="page__category js_categoryInner">
                    <div class="weui-cells page__category-content">
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="button" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Button</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <!--
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="input" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Input</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        -->
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="form" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Form</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="list" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>List</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="slider" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Slider</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="uploader" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Uploader</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_category">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">基础组件</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_layout.png" alt="">
                </div>
                <div class="page__category js_categoryInner">
                    <div class="weui-cells page__category-content">
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="article" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Article</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="badge" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Badge</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="flex" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Flex</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="footer" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Footer</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="gallery" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Gallery</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="grid" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Grid</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="icons" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Icons</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="loading" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Loading</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="loadmore" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Loadmore</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="panel" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Panel</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="preview" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Preview</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="progress" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Progress</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_category">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">操作反馈</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_feedback.png" alt="">
                </div>
                <div class="page__category js_categoryInner">
                    <div class="weui-cells page__category-content">
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="actionsheet" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Actionsheet</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="dialog" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Dialog</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="half-screen-dialog" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Half-screen Dialog</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="msg" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Msg</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="picker" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Picker</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="toast" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Toast</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="top-tips" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>TopTips</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_category">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">导航相关</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_nav.png" alt="">
                </div>
                <div class="page__category js_categoryInner">
                    <div class="weui-cells page__category-content">
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="navbar" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Navbar</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="tabbar" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Tabbar</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_category">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">搜索相关</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_search.png" alt="">
                </div>
                <div class="page__category js_categoryInner">
                    <div class="weui-cells page__category-content">
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="searchbar" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Search Bar</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_item" data-id="layers">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">层级规范</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_z-index.png" alt="">
                </div>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</div>

Javascript代码

<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){
        var winH = $(window).height();
        var categorySpace = 10;

        $('.js_item').on('click', function(){
            console.log($(this),$(this).data('id'));
            var id = $(this).data('id');
            window.pageManager.go(id);
        });
        $('.js_category').on('click', function(){
            var $this = $(this),
                $inner = $this.next('.js_categoryInner'),
                $page = $this.parents('.page'),
                $parent = $(this).parent('li');
            var innerH = $inner.data('height');

            if(!innerH){
                $inner.css('height', 'auto');
                innerH = $inner.height();
                $inner.removeAttr('style');
                $inner.data('height', innerH);
            }

            if($parent.hasClass('js_show')){
                $parent.removeClass('js_show');
            }else{
                $parent.siblings().removeClass('js_show');

                $parent.addClass('js_show');
                if(this.offsetTop + this.offsetHeight + innerH > $page.scrollTop() + winH){
                    var scrollTop = this.offsetTop + this.offsetHeight + innerH - winH + categorySpace;

                    if(scrollTop > this.offsetTop){
                        scrollTop = this.offsetTop - categorySpace;
                    }

                    $page.scrollTop(scrollTop);
                }
            }

            var winH = $(window).height();
            var $foot = $('body').find('.page__ft');
            if($foot.length < 1) return;

            if($foot.position().top + $foot.height() < winH){
                $foot.addClass('j_bottom');
            }else{
                $foot.removeClass('j_bottom');
            }
        });
    });
</script>

依赖文件

<html>
<head>
    ...
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../style/weui.css"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./example.css"/>
    ...
</head>
<body>
...
<script src="./zepto.min.js"></script>
<script src="./example.js"></script>
...
</body>
</html>

更新测试一把

  1. 先修改gulpfile.js
  2. 参考WeUI创建index.html与home.html
  3. 编辑home.html
/**
 * 增加study的html数据
 */
gulp.task('build:study:html', function() {
    return gulp
    .src('src/study/index.html', option)
    .pipe(
        tap(function(file) {
            var dir = path.dirname(file.path);
            var contents = file.contents.toString();
            contents = contents.replace(
                /<links+rel="import"s+href="(.*)">/gi,
                function(match, $1) {
                    var filename = path.join(dir, $1);
                    var id = path.basename(filename, '.html');
                    var content = fs.readFileSync(filename, 'utf-8');
                    return (
                        '<script type="text/html" id="tpl_' +
                        id +
                        '">n' +
                        content +
                        'n</script>'
                    );
                },
            );
            file.contents = new Buffer(contents);
        }),
    )
    .pipe(gulp.dest(dist))
    .pipe(browserSync.reload({ stream: true }));
});
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cmn-Hans">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=0,viewport-fit=cover">
    <title>WeUI</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../style/weui.css"/>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../example/example.css"/>
</head>
<body ontouchstart>
    <div class="weui-toptips weui-toptips_warn js_tooltips">错误提示</div>

    <div class="container" id="container"></div>

    <link rel="import" href="./home.html">
    
    
    <script src="../example/zepto.min.js"></script>
    <script src="../example/example.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

<div class="page">
    <div class="page__hd">
        <h1 class="page__title">
            <img src="./images/logo.png" alt="WeUI" height="21px" />
        </h1>
        <p class="page__desc">Hello world WeUI, This is the first day to study.</p>
    </div>
    <div class="page__bd page__bd_spacing">
        <ul>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_category">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">表单</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_form.png" alt="">
                </div>
                <div class="page__category js_categoryInner">
                    <div class="weui-cells page__category-content">
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="button" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Button</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <!--
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="input" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Input</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        -->
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="form" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Form</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="list" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>List</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
           
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_category">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">搜索相关</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_search.png" alt="">
                </div>
                <div class="page__category js_categoryInner">
                    <div class="weui-cells page__category-content">
                        <a class="weui-cell weui-cell_active weui-cell_access js_item" data-id="searchbar" href="javascript:">
                            <div class="weui-cell__bd">
                                <p>Search Bar</p>
                            </div>
                            <div class="weui-cell__ft"></div>
                        </a>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </li>
            <li>
                <div class="weui-flex js_item" data-id="layers">
                    <p class="weui-flex__item">层级规范</p>
                    <img src="./images/icon_nav_z-index.png" alt="">
                </div>
            </li>
        </ul>
    </div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){
        var winH = $(window).height();
        var categorySpace = 10;

        $('.js_item').on('click', function(){
            var id = $(this).data('id');
            window.pageManager.go(id);
        });
        $('.js_category').on('click', function(){
            var $this = $(this),
                $inner = $this.next('.js_categoryInner'),
                $page = $this.parents('.page'),
                $parent = $(this).parent('li');
            var innerH = $inner.data('height');

            if(!innerH){
                $inner.css('height', 'auto');
                innerH = $inner.height();
                $inner.removeAttr('style');
                $inner.data('height', innerH);
            }

            if($parent.hasClass('js_show')){
                $parent.removeClass('js_show');
            }else{
                $parent.siblings().removeClass('js_show');

                $parent.addClass('js_show');
                if(this.offsetTop + this.offsetHeight + innerH > $page.scrollTop() + winH){
                    var scrollTop = this.offsetTop + this.offsetHeight + innerH - winH + categorySpace;

                    if(scrollTop > this.offsetTop){
                        scrollTop = this.offsetTop - categorySpace;
                    }

                    $page.scrollTop(scrollTop);
                }
            }

            var winH = $(window).height();
            var $foot = $('body').find('.page__ft');
            if($foot.length < 1) return;

            if($foot.position().top + $foot.height() < winH){
                $foot.addClass('j_bottom');
            }else{
                $foot.removeClass('j_bottom');
            }
        });
    });
</script>

gulp build:study:html
# 然后 浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8081
WeUI开发H5应用

 

目录结构如上

WeUI开发H5应用

 

表单

WeUI开发H5应用

 

基础组件

WeUI开发H5应用

 

操作反馈

WeUI开发H5应用

 

导航相关

WeUI开发H5应用

 


WeUI开发H5应用

 


WeUI开发H5应用

 

搜索相关

WeUI开发H5应用

 


WeUI开发H5应用

 

层级规范

WeUI开发H5应用

 


WeUI开发H5应用

 

总结

WeUI构造了可以较好与微信兼容的样式，但是部分放到了Example里，如果要使用需要将example.css的，需要结合zepto.js和example.js一起完成交互。但是足够帮助写出一个相对不错的H5应用。

但即便如此，也依稀看出产品意识的确不够，形到而意不到。万事果然最佳是相称，意到而形不致，也是眼高手低。

改进点

https://github.com/gaussgao/weui-study.git

  1. 明确设计概念
  2. 给出应用使用手册
  3. 给出二次开发指引
  4. 增加必备的导航样式
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