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保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

2020-09-09    
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有些日子没写爬虫了，今日心血来潮，来写写，但也不知道爬啥，于是随便找了个网站试试手。

唯美女生

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 

一、环境搭建

本爬虫使用Scrapy框架进行爬取

scrapy startproject Weimei
cd Weimeiscrapy genspider weimei "weimei.com"
你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


修改settings.py文件

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


设置文件下载路径

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 

编写启动文件start.py

from scrapy import cmdline
cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl weimei".split())

二、网页分析

今日就先爬个摄影写真吧，

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


该网页是个典型的瀑布流网页

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


所以我们有两种处理办法

  1. 使用selenium操控浏览器滑轮，然后获取整个页面的源码
  2. 在网页向下滑动时，查看发送的请求，根据请求来进行爬取（相当于滑动的效果）

我使用的时第二种

可以看到，向下滑动，浏览器发出ajax请求

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


请求方式为POST

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


带有参数

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


可以推断出，paged相当于页面页数，既然如此，只要把paged改为1，就相当于第一页，通过修改paged反复请求可以实现多页爬取

三、代码分析

weimei.py

class WeimeiSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'weimei'
    # allowed_domains = ['vmgirls.com']
    # start_urls = ['https://www.vmgirls.com/photography']
	
	#post请求提交的数据，可见网页分析
    data = {
        "Append": "list - archive",
        "paged": "1",  #当前页数
        "action": "ajax_load_posts",
        "query": "17",
        "page": "cat"
    }	#重写start_requests    def start_requests(self):
    	#进行多页爬取，range(3) -> 0，1，2
        for i in range(3):
            #设置爬取的当前页数            #range是从0开始
            self.data["paged"] = str(1 + i)
            #发起post请求            yield scrapy.FormRequest(url="https://www.vmgirls.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php", method='POST',
                                 formdata=self.data, callback=self.parse)
	    def parse(self, response):
    	#使用BeautifulSoup的lxml库解析
        bs1 = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "lxml")
                #图1
        div_list = bs1.find_all(class_="col-md-4 d-flex")
        #遍历        for div in div_list:
            a = BeautifulSoup(str(div), "lxml")
                        #参考图2
            #详情页Url
            page_url = a.find("a")["href"]
            #每一份摄影写真名称            name = a.find("a")["title"]
            #发送get请求，去请求详情页，带上name参数
            yield scrapy.Request(url=page_url,callback=self.page,meta = {"name": name})
		#详情页爬取    def page(self,response):
		#拿到传过来的name参数        name = response.meta.get("name")
        bs2 = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "lxml")
        #参考图3
        img_list = bs2.find(class_="nc-light-gallery").find_all("img")
        for img in img_list:
            image = BeautifulSoup(str(img), "lxml")
            #图4
            #注意，我拿取的时data-src不是src            #data-src是html5的新属性，意思是数据来源。            #图片url            img_url = "https://www.vmgirls.com/" + image.find("img")["data-src"]
                        item = WeimeiItem(img_url=img_url, name=name)
            yield item

pipelines.py

class WeimeiPipeline(ImagesPipeline):
    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        img_url = item["img_url"]
        name = item["name"]
        yield scrapy.Request(url=img_url, meta={"name": name})
    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        name = request.meta["name"]
        img_name = request.url.split('/')[-1]
		#拼接路径，使每个摄影写真系列的图片都存放于同意文件夹中
        img_path = os.path.join(name,img_name)
        # print(img_path)
        return img_path  # 返回文件名
    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        # print(item)
        return item  # 返回给下一个即将被执行的管道类

四、图片辅助分析

图1

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


图2

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


图3

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


图4

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 

五、运行结果

你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 


你们要的小姐姐来啦！保姆式教程带大家爬取高清图片

 

六、完整代码

weimei.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapyfrom Weimei.items import WeimeiItemfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupclass WeimeiSpider(scrapy.Spider):    name = 'weimei'
    # allowed_domains = ['vmgirls.com']
    # start_urls = ['https://www.vmgirls.com/photography']
    data = {        "append": "list - archive",
        "paged": "1",
        "action": "ajax_load_posts",
        "query": "17",
        "page": "cat"
    }    def start_requests(self):
        for i in range(3):
            self.data["paged"] = str(int(self.data["paged"]) + 1)
            yield scrapy.FormRequest(url="https://www.vmgirls.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php", method='POST',
                                 formdata=self.data, callback=self.parse)
    def parse(self, response):
        bs1 = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "lxml")
        div_list = bs1.find_all(class_="col-md-4 d-flex")
        for div in div_list:
            a = BeautifulSoup(str(div), "lxml")
            page_url = a.find("a")["href"]
            name = a.find("a")["title"]
            yield scrapy.Request(url=page_url,callback=self.page,meta = {"name": name})
    def page(self,response):
        name = response.meta.get("name")
        bs2 = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "lxml")
        img_list = bs2.find(class_="nc-light-gallery").find_all("img")
        for img in img_list:
            image = BeautifulSoup(str(img), "lxml")
            img_url = "https://www.vmgirls.com/" + image.find("img")["data-src"]
            item = WeimeiItem(img_url=img_url, name=name)            yield item

 

items.py

import scrapy
class WeimeiItem(scrapy.Item):
    img_url = scrapy.Field()
    name = scrapy.Field()

pipelines.py

from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
import scrapyimport osclass WeimeiPipeline(ImagesPipeline):    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        img_url = item["img_url"]
        name = item["name"]
        print(img_url)        yield scrapy.Request(url=img_url, meta={"name": name})
    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        name = request.meta["name"]
        img_name = request.url.split('/')[-1]
        img_path = os.path.join(name,img_name)        # print(img_path)
        return img_path  # 返回文件名
    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        # print(item)
        return item  # 返回给下一个即将被执行的管道类

settings.py

BOT_NAME = 'Weimei'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['Weimei.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Weimei.spiders'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'Weimei (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'
LOG_LEVEL = "ERROR"
# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
# Override the default request headers:
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
  'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
  'Accept-Language': 'en',
  "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.89 Safari/537.36"
}
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Weimei.middlewares.WeimeiSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Weimei.middlewares.AreaSpiderMiddleware': 543,
# }
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'Weimei.pipelines.WeimeiPipeline': 300,
}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://docs.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
IMAGES_STORE = "Download"

能搞定了把 如果不像敲代码，需要源代码后台私信小编 源码 即可获取

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